Peran Multi-Aktor dalam Formulasi Kebijakan Publik Daerah: Analisis Model Collaborative Governance di Kota Pariaman

Abstract

This study aims to analyze the implementation of collaborative governance in public policy formulation in Kota Pariaman within the decentralization era. The research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach and adopts a library research design. Data were collected from official documents of the Kota Pariaman Government, including the Regional Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJMD), Local Government Accountability Reports (LKPJ), Regional Regulations, Mayor Regulations, Development Planning Forums (Musrenbang) documents, as well as relevant scientific articles and publications. Data were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña, guided by the collaborative governance framework developed by Ansell and Gash. The findings reveal that public policy formulation in Kota Pariaman involves three major groups of actors, namely government institutions, the private sector, and civil society, through mechanisms such as Musrenbang, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs), and public consultations. However, the collaboration still faces several challenges, including government dominance in decision-making, unequal actor capacities, and limited information transparency. The study highlights that the success of collaborative governance is not solely determined by formal institutional design but is also significantly influenced by social capital and the integration of Minangkabau local wisdom values into the policy formulation process. This finding contributes theoretically to the development of collaborative governance studies within the context of local government based on socio-cultural values.